Abstract: The pivotal role of omega-3 PUFAs in brain structure, function, and neurodevelopment underscores their importance across the lifespan, from prenatal stages to aging populations. This article discusses emerging evidence supporting their therapeutic potential in neurodevelopmental and psychiatric disorders such as autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), highlighting their neuroprotective, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory properties. While significant strides have been made in understanding their mechanisms, this article discusses the need for future research to prioritize longitudinal studies, explore genetic factors, and investigate synergistic effects with nutrients. Additionally, the gut-brain axis offers a promising avenue for understanding how omega-3 PUFAs influence neuroinflammation and immune health. Addressing challenges such as optimizing dosage, refining patient selection criteria, and standardizing methodologies will enhance the reliability and applicability of findings. By advancing precision nutrition and integrative therapeutic strategies, omega-3 PUFAs hold potential to revolutionize approaches to brain health, offering hope for conditions ranging from ASD and ADHD to age-related cognitive decline.