A Comprehensive Review Linking Colorectal Cancer and Serum Vitamin D Metabolic Pathways

Vitamin D, a secosteroid hormone, is well-known for its regulatory effects on various immune cells, as well as its established roles in the metabolism of calcium and bone. It has come to light as a crucial factor in the treatment and prevention of colorectal cancer (CRC), influencing cancer cell growth and immune responses. This review aims to investigate the connection involving vitamin D binding protein and receptor polymorphisms in relation to development of colorectal cancer over the past decade, drawing from observational and epidemiological research, including both live and laboratory based clinical trials. in viand in vitro clinical trials According to the American Cancer Society low dietary vitamin D which is a modifiable contributing factor for colorectal cancer warrants an in-depth analysis of its receptors, binding proteins, and genetic polymorphisms. The active form of vitamin D, 1,25 -dihydroxy vitaminD3, influences gene transcription via the vitamin D receptor (VDR), impacting immune responses, cellular protection. Clinical studies have shown varying correlations between VDR polymorphism of vitamin D receptor, vitamin D binding protein and colorectal cancer risk in different populations. Vitamin D shows a complex function in preventing as well as treating colorectal cancer through affecting cell growth, inflammation, and immune modulation. Adequate vitamin D levels are linked to a lower risk of colorectal cancer, improved prognosis, and better survival outcomes. Therefore, maintaining optimal amount of vitamin D levels through a proper diet, adequate sun exposure, as well as supplementation could be a crucial aspect of colorectal cancer management strategies.