Nanoparticles Drug Delivery System in Targeted Therapy of Hepatocellular Carcinoma

This article presents a comprehensive overview of the application of nanoparticles drug delivery system in the detection and treatment of Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC). The nanoparticles drug delivery system, endowed with exceptional physical and chemical features, including remarkable drug-carrying capacity, precise targeting abilities, and visualization capabilities, offer promising new avenues for addressing HCC. Nanomaterials are important components of nano-drug delivery systems. Their utilization in HCC therapy, along with the advantages and disadvantages of various nanomaterials, including lipid, polymer, inorganic, biological macromolecular nanomaterials, exosomes and also hybrid nanoparticles, are thoroughly discussed. Our review identifies lipid nanoparticles as widely utilized bioactive nanocarriers in cancer treatment, with polylactic acid, a pioneering biodegradable polyester polymer, showing significant application potential. Additionally, hybrid nanoparticles, which combine the advantages of individual nanoparticles while mitigating their drawbacks, are poised to play a critical role in the targeted therapy of HCC. Additionally, the article delves into the targeting and release mechanisms of nanoparticles drug delivery system, encompassing passive targeting, active targeting, stimulus-responsive nanocarrier targeting, and specific types of it like pH stimulus-responsive nanocarriers. Despite their immense potential in HCC treatment, nanoparticles drug delivery system still faces numerous challenges, such as safety concerns, drug stability issues, and inadequate fundamental research for widespread application. As these challenges are gradually overcome, nanotechnology will open up new horizons for HCC diagnosis and treatment, leading to the development of more precise diagnostic tools and therapeutic strategies. Overall, the research on targeted nanoparticles drug delivery system therapy for HCC is entering an exciting new era filled with both opportunities and challenges.